electionstracker

Netherlands 2023 general election

What was the result of the 2023 general election in the Netherlands?

PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) won 37 of 150 seats with 23.5% of the vote. 77.7% of registered voters cast a ballot.

  • Netherlands
  • Held:
  • Final result
  • Kiesraad (data.overheid.nl), read 18 October 2026

Which party won the most seats?

Results published by the Kiesraad, read : PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) won 37 of 150 seats with 23.5% of the vote; 77.7% of registered voters cast a ballot, down 1.0 points on 2021.

  • PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) 37 +20 seats 23.5% +12.7 points
  • GROENLINKS / Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA) 25 15.7%
  • VVD 24 −10 seats 15.2% −6.6 points
  • Nieuw Sociaal Contract 20 12.9%
  • D66 9 −15 seats 6.3% −8.7 points
  • BBB 7 +6 seats 4.7% +3.7 points
  • CDA 5 −10 seats 3.3% −6.2 points
  • SP (Socialistische Partij) 5 −4 seats 3.1% −2.8 points
  • DENK 3 0 seats 2.4% +0.3 points
  • Partij voor de Dieren 3 −3 seats 2.3% −1.6 points
  • Forum voor Democratie 3 −5 seats 2.2% −2.8 points
  • Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP) 3 0 seats 2.1% 0.0 points
  • Seats won
  • Change on the previous election at the right
  • Share of the vote
  • Share at the previous election
  • Change in points at the right

Changes are against the Netherlands 2021 general election, party by party.

76 of 150 seats make a majority

Key numbers

  1. 23.5%

    Share of the vote won by PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid)

    PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) won 37 of 150 seats. A majority needs 76.

  2. +20 seats

    Seats gained by PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid)

    The largest gain in seats compared with 2021. D66 lost 15 seats.

  3. 77.7%

    Voter turnout

    Down 1.0 points on 2021.

Seats and votes by party

PartySeats± seats%± pointsVotes
PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid)37+2023.5+12.72,450,878
GROENLINKS / Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA)2515.71,643,073
VVD24−1015.2−6.61,589,519
Nieuw Sociaal Contract2012.91,343,287
D669−156.3−8.7656,292
BBB7+64.7+3.7485,551
CDA5−103.3−6.2345,822
SP (Socialistische Partij)5−43.1−2.8328,225
DENK302.4+0.3246,765
Partij voor de Dieren3−32.3−1.6235,148
Forum voor Democratie3−52.2−2.8232,963
Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP)302.10.0217,270
The other parties and groups
PartySeats± seats%± pointsVotes
ChristenUnie3−22.0−1.3212,532
Volt2−11.7−0.7178,802
JA211−20.7−1.771,345
BVNL / Groep Van Haga00.552,913
50PLUS0−10.5−0.551,043
BIJ100.444,253
Splinter00.112,838
Piratenpartij - De Groenen00.19,117
Nederland met een PLAN00.15,487
Samen voor Nederland00.15,325
LEF - Voor de Nieuwe Generatie00.05,122
LP (Libertaire Partij)00.04,152
PartijvdSport00.03,966
Politieke Partij voor Basisinkomen00.01,038

± is the change against the Netherlands 2021 general election, party by party. Shares are computed by us from the votes.

Votes by party
  • PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) 2,450,878
  • GROENLINKS / Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA) 1,643,073
  • VVD 1,589,519
  • Nieuw Sociaal Contract 1,343,287
  • D66 656,292
  • BBB 485,551
  • CDA 345,822
  • SP (Socialistische Partij) 328,225
  • DENK 246,765
  • Partij voor de Dieren 235,148
  • Forum voor Democratie 232,963
  • Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP) 217,270
  • ChristenUnie 212,532
  • Volt 178,802
  • JA21 71,345
  • BVNL / Groep Van Haga 52,913
  • 50PLUS 51,043
  • BIJ1 44,253
  • Splinter 12,838
  • Piratenpartij - De Groenen 9,117
  • Nederland met een PLAN 5,487
  • Samen voor Nederland 5,325
  • LEF - Voor de Nieuwe Generatie 5,122
  • LP (Libertaire Partij) 4,152
  • PartijvdSport 3,966
  • Politieke Partij voor Basisinkomen 1,038

The Kiesraad marks this file (CC0 1.0, data.overheid.nl) as research data, not as its official result. Its votes for every list equal the Kiesraad's own national count, linked under Sources and licence.

The source publishes votes only: shares are votes over the valid (expressed) votes, computed by us.

How many people voted?

77.7% of the 13,473,750 registered voters cast a ballot (10,475,203 ballots), down 1.0 points on 2021. 10,432,726 of them were valid votes. The lowest turnout since 2012 in our data.

How do the votes compare with the seats?

  • PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid)23.5% of votes24.7% of seats
  • GROENLINKS / Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA)15.7% of votes16.7% of seats
  • VVD15.2% of votes16.0% of seats
  • Nieuw Sociaal Contract12.9% of votes13.3% of seats
  • D666.3% of votes6.0% of seats
  • BBB4.7% of votes4.7% of seats
  • CDA3.3% of votes3.3% of seats
  • SP (Socialistische Partij)3.1% of votes3.3% of seats
  • DENK2.4% of votes2.0% of seats
  • Partij voor de Dieren2.3% of votes2.0% of seats
  • Forum voor Democratie2.2% of votes2.0% of seats
  • Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP)2.1% of votes2.0% of seats
Each party's share of the vote (outlined) and of the seats (filled)

The Gallagher index of disproportionality is 1.5 (0 when seats follow votes exactly); the effective number of parties is 7.6 by votes and 7.0 by seats; PVV (Partij voor de Vrijheid) led GROENLINKS / Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA) by 7.7 points of the vote.

Time and source Data as of

Sources and licence

Sources and licence

Our text and compilation: CC BY 4.0. How to reuse and cite this page.